A raw vegan diet consists exclusively of uncooked, unprocessed plant foods, including fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, and sprouted grains. This diet is based on the belief that cooking can destroy essential nutrients and enzymes in food, and therefore, emphasizes fresh, whole ingredients in their natural state. Adherents typically consume foods that have not been heated above 118°F (48°C) to maintain their nutritional value. While this diet is rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, it requires careful planning to ensure adequate intake of essential nutrients such as protein, iron, calcium, and vitamin B12, which can be more challenging to obtain without animal products or cooked foods.